Pengaruh Psikoedukasi Perilaku Gerakan Tutup Mulut terhadap Tumbuh Kembang Fisik dan Psikologis Balita
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59945/jpnm.v4i3.1528Keywords:
Gerakan Tutup Mulut, Pengetahuan Orang Tua, Psikoedukasi, Responsive Feeding, Tumbuh KembangAbstract
Gerakan Tutup Mulut (GTM) merupakan bentuk kesulitan makan yang dapat mengganggu kecukupan asupan, pertumbuhan fisik, hubungan orang tua dan anak, serta suasana emosional selama waktu makan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan prevalensi dan karakteristik GTM pada balita serta mengevaluasi perubahan pengetahuan orang tua setelah mengikuti psikoedukasi penanganan GTM. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif praeksperimental dengan desain satu kelompok pretest-posttest. Asesmen kebutuhan melibatkan 125 orang tua balita di Posyandu Melati 11, Desa Cipagalo, sedangkan evaluasi intervensi melibatkan 60 orang tua. Data diperoleh melalui observasi, wawancara terstruktur, telaah Kartu Menuju Sehat, dan kuesioner pengetahuan skala 0–10. Hasil menunjukkan 77 balita (61,6%) sedang mengalami GTM, 34 balita (27,2%) pernah mengalami GTM, dan 14 balita (11,2%) tidak pernah mengalaminya. Prevalensi tertinggi terdapat pada usia 1–3 tahun (81,8%). Sebanyak 39 dari 77 balita dengan GTM aktif mengalami berat badan tidak naik. Rata-rata skor pengetahuan orang tua meningkat dari 3,13 menjadi 8,81, dengan peningkatan terbesar pada penerapan feeding rules. Psikoedukasi menunjukkan potensi kuat untuk meningkatkan pemahaman pengasuhan makan responsif, tetapi evaluasi lanjutan diperlukan untuk menilai perubahan perilaku dan pertumbuhan anak secara berkelanjutan melalui pengukuran objektif dan kelompok pembanding.
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