Pengaruh Pemberian Krim Ekstrak Buah Delima (Punica granatum L.) terhadap Kadar Interleukin-6: Studi Eksperimen pada Tikus Wistar yang Dipapar UVB

Hayuning Mentari Justicia; Chodidjah

doi:10.59945/jpnm.v4i1.827

Authors

Hayuning Mentari Justicia Universitas Islam Sultan Agung
Chodidjah Universitas Islam Sultan Agung

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59945/jpnm.v4i1.827

Keywords:

Krim Ekstrak Buah Delima, IL-6, UVB

Abstract

Ultraviolet B (UVB) adalah sinar UV dengan panjang gelombang 280-320 nm yang dapat mencapai permukaan bumi. Paparan UVB menginisiasi peningkatan stres oksidatif sehingga berisiko pada melasma penyebab hiperpigmentasi kulit, yang terjadi akibat peningkatan produksi Interleukin-6 (IL-6) di keratinosit. Melasma dapat dicegah dengan pengaplikasian krim antioksidan yang berasal dari ekstrak buah delima (Punica granatum L.). Tujuan penelitian mengetahui pengaruh pemberian krim ekstrak buah delima (Punica granatum L.) terhadap kadar IL-6 pada tikus jantan galur wistar yang dipapar UVB. Penelitian eksperimen dengan desain posttest only control group design. Subjek penelitian 25 tikus jantan galur wistar yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok (K1: Tikus sehat; K2, K3, K4, dan K5 dipapar UVB tiga kali selama seminggu). K2: Hanya dipapar UVB, K3: diaplikasikan krim retinoid, K4 dan K5 diaplikasikan krim ekstrak buah delima 10% dan 20%. Pengaplikasian krim dilakukan 20 menit sebelum dan 4 jam setelah paparan UVB. Kadar IL-6 diperiksa menggunakan metode ELISA pada panjang gelombang 450 nm, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji one way ANOVA dilanjutkan dengan post hoc Tamhane. Hasil rerata kadar IL-6 di K1, K2, K3, K4, dan K5 adalah 80,4±2,89; 152,0±2,35; 94,3±0,76; 98,0±1,43 dan 85,5±2,05 pg/mL. Uji One Way Anova didapatkan perbedaan signifikan antar kelima kelompok dengan nilai p<0,001. Hasil Uji Post Hoc Tamhane juga didapatkan perbedaan signifikan antar dua kelompok (p<0,05), kecuali antara K1 dengan K5 dengan nilai p=0,136. Pemberian krim esktrak buah delima berpengaruh pada kadar IL-6 pada tikus jantan galur wistar yang diinduksi UVB. Krim ekstrak buah delima konsentrasi 20% paling efektif dalam menurunkan produksi kadar IL-6.

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